降低卷烟危害性是烟草行业应对WTO和WHO挑战,提高中式卷烟核心竞争力的有效措施。鉴于现有的卷烟工业科技水平,减害降焦在烟草化学、卷烟工艺、卷烟系统化设计、造纸法再造烟叶等关键技术上取得了突破的同时,已经出现瓶颈,而在烟草育种、烟叶原料等方面还有许多潜力可挖。基于先进的普效育种理论和分子辅助育种,筛选具有潜在降焦减害与保健功能的药用植物与普通烟草,进行属间远缘杂交,创造丰富多彩的遗传变异材料,从中筛选出抗性更好,香气质、香气量更高,有害成分更少,且含药用活性成分的新型药烟新品种,是降低卷烟危害和减害降焦的一种创新思路。笔者通过文献调研和结合自己的科研实践,论述了国内外烟草远缘杂交与药烟培育的研究现状和进展,并对烟草谱效育种及应用的发展方向进行了展望。 Reducing the harmfulness of cigarettes is an effective measure for the tobacco industry to meet the WTO and WHO challenges and improve the core competitiveness of Chinese cigarettes. In view of the existing scientific and technological level of the cigarette industry, while cutting corners and reducing tar has made breakthroughs in key technologies such as tobacco chemistry, cigarette technology, systematic design of cigarettes, and remanufacturing paper-making tobacco, bottlenecks have emerged. However, tobacco breeding, tobacco raw materials There are many other potential areas to dig. Based on the advanced universal breeding theory and molecular assisted breeding, the medicinal plants and common tobacco plants with potential hypoglycemic, harm-reducing and health-care functions were screened for intergeneric distant crosses to create rich and varied genetic variation materials, and the resistances were screened out Better, aroma quality, higher aroma, less harmful ingredients, and a new type of drug smoke containing medicinal active ingredients is an innovative idea to reduce the harm of cigarettes and reduce tar in reducing the tar. The author through the literature research and combined with his own scientific research practice, discusses the domestic and foreign tobacco distant hybridization and drug smoke cultivation research status and progress, and tobacco spectrum efficiency breeding and application development prospects are prospected.