随着改革开放的深入，各级领导的决策方式逐步由经验型转变为科学型。于是，一批以辅助决策为己任的参谋班子，如智囊团、顾问组、政研室、咨询组等应运而生；领导决策的辅助人员也由秘书人员扩大到专家学者．工程技术人员，有关职能部门的领导骨干、业务骨干以及下属单位的代 With the deepening of reform and opening up, the decision-making methods of leaders at all levels have gradually shifted from an empirical type to a scientific type. As a result, a group of staff assistants, such as think tanks, consultant groups, political research offices and advisory groups, came into being. Staff members leading decision-making also expanded from secretarial staff to experts and scholars. Engineering and technical personnel, the functional departments of the leading backbone, business backbone and subordinate units on behalf of