以纯化ＨＳＶ－Ｉ感染人外周血单个核细胞，发现ＨＳＶ－Ｉ可感染粘附活化的单核细胞和经ＰＨＡ活化的淋巴细胞，并诱导细胞毒因子分泌。ＬＰＳ诱导ＴＮＦ抑制剂多粘菌素Ｂ不能阻断ＨＳＶ－Ｉ感染单核细胞分泌细胞毒因子，但紫外线灭活的ＨＳＶ－Ｉ不能诱导单核细胞分泌细胞毒因子。用重组人ＴＮＦａ中和抗体能完全中和ＨＳＶ－Ｉ感染单核细胞培养上清中的细胞毒活性，表明其中含有的细胞毒因子为ＴＮＦａ。而重组人ＴＮＦａ中和抗体对ＨＳＶ－Ｉ感染的ＰＨＡ活化淋巴细胞上清中的细胞毒活性无明显影响，其细胞毒因子可能大多为淋巴毒素（ＴＮＦβ）。 To infect HSV-I into human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, HSV-I was found to infect both adherent activated monocytes and PHA-activated lymphocytes and to induce cytokine secretion. LPS-induced TNF inhibitor polymyxin B failed to block HSV-I-infected monocytes from secrete cytokines, but UV-inactivated HSV-I did not induce monocytes to secrete cytokines. The cytotoxic activity of HSV-I-infected monocytic culture supernatant was completely neutralized with recombinant human TNFa neutralizing antibody, indicating that the cytotoxic agent contained therein is TNFa. However, the recombinant human TNFa neutralizing antibody had no significant effect on the cytotoxic activity of HSV-1-infected PHA-activated lymphocyte supernatant. Most of the cytotoxic agents may be lymphotoxin (TNFβ).