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根据语言类型学的分类,世界的语言可以分成孤立语、屈折语、粘着语、多合语。其中粘着语最典型的特点是词形变化。韩国语从形态上属于粘着语。粘着语是词缀和助词非常发达的语言,一个词根前后粘附的词缀不但影响词形变化,并且决定语法关系。因此,韩国语作为粘着语,其特征在于词缀。本文主要介绍词缀和格助词。关于词缀,本文介绍了韩国语词缀的分类、词缀和词根(词干)黏着的方式及其功能。关于助词,本文分析了韩语语序和格助词的关系及格助词对语序的影响。
According to the classification of linguistic typology, the world’s languages can be divided into isolated language, inflectional language, adhesive language, multi-language. One of the most typical features of adhesive is the inflection. Korean is morphologically a sticky language. Adhesive language is a well-developed language of affixes and auxiliary words. A affix attached before and after a root not only affects the inflection of inflection, but also determines the grammatical relations. Therefore, Korean as a sticky language, which is characterized by affixes. This article mainly introduces affixes and lattice aids. About affixes, this article describes the classification of Korean affixes, affixes and stems (stems) and how they are attached. As for the auxiliary words, this paper analyzes the relationship between the Korean word order and the lattice auxiliary words and the influence of the lattice auxiliary words on the word order.