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永生化细胞是研究细胞增殖、分化、凋亡及衰老等的理想细胞模型。目前人类已建立多种细胞永生的方法,其中人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)癌基因(E6和E7)被广泛用于永生化细胞研究。E6蛋白和E7蛋白主要通过灭活p53通路和pRb通路,从多个水平提高端粒酶的表达和活性,使细胞逃过细胞复制衰老而继续增殖,实现细胞永生化。综述人乳头瘤病毒癌基因E6和E7的最新研究进展,探讨未来研究的趋势和研究方向。
Immortalized cells are ideal cell models for studying cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and aging. At present, human beings have established a variety of cell immortal methods, of which human papillomavirus (HPV) oncogenes (E6 and E7) are widely used in immortalized cell research. E6 and E7 proteins enhance the expression and activity of telomerase at multiple levels by inactivating the p53 and pRb pathways, allowing cells to escape cell replication and continue to proliferate, thereby achieving cell immortalization. This review summarizes the latest research progress of human papillomavirus oncogenes E6 and E7 and discusses the future research trends and research directions.