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为探索河道水源地大规模原位净水系统及净水方法效果,本文通过在黄河(陕西韩城—合阳段)原有堤坝修筑需求的基础上搭建了大规模原位净水系统。该系统由主河道至人工河道依次设置第一净水区、第二净水区和第三净水区,人工河道为饮用水水源区。研究结果表明:经过净化,人工河道中的水质在各项检测指标上均有明显改善,特别是浊度及铬、铜、锌等重金属污染物含量大幅下降,其中浊度从24.0NTU下降至1.85NTU,铬含量从0.017mg·L~(-1)下降至0.001mg·L~(-1),铜含量从0.016mg·L~(-1)下降至0.008mg·L~(-1),锌含量从0.066mg·L~(-1)下降至0.022mg·L~(-1),其含量均从符合《地表水环境质量标准》GB3838—2002的Ⅱ类限值提高至符合Ⅰ类限值。该净水方法是在主河道长期冲流而成的沙洲上严格划分净水治理区域,基于河道水文特征和地势特点进行侧渗水原位净化处理,本身依托并利用了河道堤坝的建设,在河道原址进行净化而不需要再另外选址,不仅解决了运送传输问题,而且提高了处理量和处理效率,真正实现水源的原位规模化净化处理。
In order to explore the effect of large-scale in-situ water purification system and water purification method in river water sources, this paper builds a large-scale in-situ water purification system based on the existing dam construction requirements in the Yellow River (Hancheng-Heyang section of Shaanxi Province). The system comprises a first water purification zone, a second water purification zone and a third water purification zone arranged from the main river course to the artificial river course, and the artificial river course is a drinking water source area. The results show that after purification, the water quality in artificial channels has been significantly improved in various indicators, especially turbidity and the content of heavy metal pollutants such as chromium, copper and zinc dropped sharply, the turbidity decreased from 24.0NTU to 1.85 NTU, the content of chromium decreased from 0.017 mg · L -1 to 0.001 mg · L -1, the content of copper decreased from 0.016 mg · L -1 to 0.008 mg · L -1, The content of zinc decreased from 0.066mg · L -1 to 0.022mg · L -1, and the content of Zn increased from Class II of GB3838-2002 which meets the “Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard” value. The method of water purification is to strictly divide the water treatment area on the sandbank which is formed by long-term flushing of the main river, and to carry out the in-situ water purification of the seepage water based on the hydrological characteristics of the river and the topographic features. It relies on and utilizes the construction of the river channel dam, Purification of the original site without the need for another site selection, not only to solve the transport and transmission problems, but also to improve the throughput and processing efficiency, the real water purification in situ large-scale treatment.