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研究表明:在和田地区随着播期推迟,冬小麦全生育期逐步缩短,但在同一播期,密度增加生育期有所增加;播期推迟,影响小麦前期营养生长和小穗分化及小花分化,造成小麦分蘖减少、穗小粒少。因而,冬前分蘖总数和总茎数也随之减少;在冬前总茎数中分蘖所占的比例,随播期推迟而下降,在同一播期内,随播量增加而下降;在同一播期内,随播量增加,单株分蘖减少,因播量的弥补,分蘖总数、总茎数和成穗数增加;随着播期推迟,穗粒数、千粒重逐步增加,成穗数下降,但在同一播期内,穗粒数、千粒重随播量增加而下降,收获穗增加;晚播小麦的增产要依靠群体,走“小个体,大群体”的增产途径。
The results showed that the whole growth period of winter wheat was gradually shortened with the sowing date delayed in the Hetian area. However, in the same sowing date, the density increased and the growth period increased. The sowing date delayed the vegetative growth and spikelet differentiation and floret differentiation, Resulting in reduced tillering of wheat, less spikelets. As a result, the total number of tillers and the total number of stems before winter also decreased; the proportion of tillers in the total number of stems before winter decreased with the delay of sowing date, and decreased with the increase of sowing number in the same sowing date; In sowing date, the tiller number per plant decreased, and the total number of tillers, total stems and panicles increased due to the sowing rate. With the delay of sowing date, the number of spikes per panicle and thousand kernel weight increased gradually and the number of panicles decreased , But in the same sowing date, the grains per spike and 1000-grain weight decreased with the increase of sowing numbers, and the ear of harvest increased. The yield of late sowing wheat relied on the group and took the way of increasing yield of “small group and large group”.