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政府采购是现代公共财政的重要政策工具,在市场经济国家已有200多年的历史。政府采购政策功能的发挥有着明显的时代性和区域性特征。目前,政府采购作为一种促进战略性新兴产业发展的有效扶持措施已在发达国家得到了普遍关注和广泛应用,且在实践中取得了显著成效。但在我国,政府采购政策起步较晚,其对战略性新兴产业发展的激励作用尚未真正发挥,这不利于国内战略性新兴产业的健康发展。鉴于此,本文深入探究了美、日两国政府采购政策对战略性新兴产业、本国新产品及中小企业的倾斜性;政府采购政策支持战略性新兴产业发展的作用机理等问题。在此基础上,本文提出了完善我国战略性新兴产业政府采购制度的政策建议。
Government procurement is an important policy tool of modern public finance. It has a history of 200 years in a market economy country. The function of government procurement policy has obvious characteristics of the times and regions. At present, government procurement as a kind of effective support measures to promote the development of strategic emerging industries has been widely concerned and widely used in developed countries, and has achieved remarkable results in practice. However, in our country, the policy of government procurement started relatively late, its incentive to the development of strategic emerging industries has not yet been brought into full play, which is detrimental to the healthy development of domestic strategic emerging industries. In view of this, this article explores the tilt of government procurement policies in the United States and Japan on strategic emerging industries, domestic new products and SMEs; and the mechanism of government procurement policies supporting the development of strategic emerging industries. On this basis, this paper puts forward some policy recommendations to improve the government procurement system in China’s strategic emerging industries.