AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the predictive factors of survival in patients with locally advanced squamous cell esophageal carcinoma (LASCOC) treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) regimen based on the 5FU/CDDP combination. METHODS: All patients with LASCOC treated with a definitive CRT using the 5FU/CDDP combination between 1994 and 2000 were retrospectively included. Clinical complete response (CCR) to CRT was assessed by esophageal endoscopy and CT-scan 2 mo after CRT completion. Prognostic factors of survival were assessed using univariate and multivariate analysis by the Cox regression model. RESULTS: A total of 116 patients were included in the study. A CCR to CRT was observed in 86/116 (74.1%). The median survival was 20 mo (range 2-114) and the 5-year survival was 9.4%. Median survival of responder patients to CRT was 25 mo (range 3-114) as compared to 9 mo (range 2-81) in non-responder patients (P < 0.001). In univariate analysis, survival was associated with CCR (P < 0.001), WHO performance status < 2 (P = 0.01), tumour length < 6 cm (P = 0.045) and weight loss < 10% was in limit of significance (P = 0.053). In multivariate analysis, survival was dependant to CCR (P < 0.0001), weight loss < 10% (P = 0.034) and WHO performance <2(P = 0.046). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that survival in patients with LASCOC treated with definitive CRT was correlated to CCR, weight loss and WHO performance status. AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the predictive factors of survival in patients with locally advanced squamous cell esophageal carcinoma (LASCOC) treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) regimen based on the 5FU / CDDP combination. METHODS: All patients with LASCOC treated with a definitive CRT using the 5FU / CDDP combination between 1994 and 2000 were retrospectively included. Clinical complete response (CCR) to CRT was assessed by esophageal endoscopy and CT-scan 2 months after CRT completion. Prognostic factors of survival were assessed using univariate and A total of 116 patients were included in the study. A CCR to CRT was observed in 86/116 (74.1%). The median survival was 20 months (range 2-114) and the 5-year survival was 9.4%. Median survival of responder patients to CRT was 25 mo (range 3-114) as compared to 9 mo (range 2-81) in non-responder patients (P <0.001). In univariate analysis, survival was associated with the CCR (P <0.001), WHO performance status <2 (P = 0.01), tumor length <6 cm (P = 0.045) and weight loss <10% was in limit of significance CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that survival in patients with LASCOC treated with definitive CRT was correlated to CCR (P <0.0001), weight loss <10% (P = 0.034) and WHO performance <2 CCR, weight loss and WHO performance status.