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为了探求棉花丰产规律和植棉技术,我校从1974年至1979年进行了棉花高产栽培试验,亩产皮棉都在200斤以上。现就棉花大面积丰产规律及其栽培技术提出一些不成熟的意见,以供参考。 一、丰产棉花对环境条件的要求 1、对温度的要求:棉花具有喜温的特性,每个生育阶段都要求有一定的温度条件。棉种发芽要在12℃以上,出苗16℃以上,开始现蕾19℃以上,开花的适宜温度在25℃～30℃之间,成熟期在20℃以上。 2、对光照的要求:棉花对光照条件非常敏感,棉叶的光饱和点(达到最大光合效率的光照强度)达到5～8万勒克司,而小麦约为3～4万勒克司。光照下降到叶片的光补偿点(光合强度等于呼吸强度时的光照强度)1000～2000勒克司以下,棉叶的光合作用减弱,有机物的积累停止。
In order to explore the law of cotton yield and cotton-planting technology, our school from 1974 to 1979 carried out high-yield cotton cultivation experiments, lint per mu in more than 200 pounds. Now cotton on the law of large-scale yield and its cultivation techniques put forward some immature opinions for reference. First, the requirements of high yield cotton environmental conditions 1, the temperature requirements: Cotton has the characteristics of the temperature of the warm, every stage of the birth requires a certain temperature conditions. Cotton germination to more than 12 ℃, the emergence of more than 16 ℃, the beginning of budding above 19 ℃, the appropriate temperature of flowering 25 ℃ ~ 30 ℃, maturity at 20 ℃ above. 2, the requirements of light: cotton is very sensitive to the light conditions, the cotton light saturation point (to achieve maximum photosynthetic efficiency of the light intensity) reached 5 to 80,000 lux, and wheat is about 3 to 40,000 lux. Photosynthetic light down to the leaves of the light compensation point (photosynthetic intensity equal to the intensity of respiratory light intensity) 1000 to 2000 lux, the photosynthesis of cotton weakened, the accumulation of organic cessation.