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应用于高频行波管中全匹配吸收模式的微波衰减材料需要具有好的高温稳定性、高的导热率以及高的衰减量。氮化铝基微波衰减材料由于成本低、性能好,已经取代BeO基复合材料而成功应用于实践。综述了AlN-SiC、AlN-C、AlN-金属几种复相微波衰减材料的研究现状,比较分析了各体系的衰减特性。AlN-SiC复相陶瓷具有较好的宽频衰减特性,主要衰减机制为介电损耗,但存在难以烧结的问题;AlN-C复相陶瓷微波衰减量较低,限制了其在行波管中的应用;AlN-金属复相陶瓷衰减量大,但选频衰减特性相对比较明显。
Microwave attenuating materials used in the all-matched absorption mode of high frequency traveling wave tubes need good high temperature stability, high thermal conductivity and high attenuation. Due to its low cost and good performance, aluminum nitride based microwave attenuating materials have been successfully used in practice instead of BeO-based composites. The research status of several complex microwave attenuating materials, including AlN-SiC, AlN-C and AlN-metals, is summarized. Attenuation characteristics of each system are analyzed. AlN-SiC composite ceramics have good broadband attenuation characteristics, the main attenuation mechanism for the dielectric loss, but difficult to sinter the problem; AlN-C multiphase ceramic microwave attenuation is low, limiting its in the traveling wave tube Application; AlN-metal complex ceramic attenuation, but the frequency selective attenuation is relatively obvious.