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晚清宋学家曾国藩、郭嵩焘既像乾嘉学派一样崇礼、考礼,又超越宋学与汉学的对峙,以礼学沟通汉学、宋学。他们以儒家仁义学说阐释礼学,也汲取了清代汉学家的礼学思想;他们开掘礼学的经世价值,注重因时制礼,郭嵩焘更广泛地涉及改良礼俗的议题。由此可见,曾国藩、郭嵩焘早年治学均具有因应时势、调和融合的学术特征,这也是他们务实、灵活地应对晚清时局的思想基础。
In the late Qing Dynasty, the Song scholars Tseng Kuo-fan and Guo Songtao, both as the Qianlong School and the Song dynasty, surpassed the confrontation between Song Studies and Sinology and communicated Sinology and Song Studies through ritual studies. They interpret rituals with the Confucian doctrine of benevolence and draw lessons from the ritual ideas of sinologists in Qing dynasty. They dig out the world value of rituals and pay attention to the due ceremony, and Guo Songtao is more involved with the issue of improving etiquette. It can be seen from this that both Zeng Guofan and Guo Songtao’s early scholarship had the academic characteristics of adapting to the current situation and harmonizing with each other. This is also the ideological basis for their pragmatic and flexible response to the current situation in the late Qing Dynasty.