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线粒体单链DNA结合蛋白（mtSSBP1）是定位于线粒体基质和拟核的同源四聚体，在线粒体DNA的复制、转录以及损伤后修复等一系列生物学行为中发挥着重要作用。当 mtSSBP1表达失调时，mtDNA发生基因突变，尤其是处于恶劣的环境条件下，如高氧化应激、水解脱氨基反应、烷基化作用，DNA损伤将大量积累，最终导致多种相关疾病的发生、发展。目前关于mtSSBP1的分子机制及其与疾病相关分子通路的研究正处于探索阶段，该文就近年来的研究进展予以综述。“,”mtSSBP1,the mitochondria single-strand DNA protein,located on the mitochondrial matrix and proposed nuclear with the structure of homo-tetramer,plays essential roles in a series of biological behav-ior,including the replication,transcription,and the repair after injury of mtDNA.The expression disorder of mtSSBP1 leads to the gene mutation of mtDNA,especially under the harsh environment and conditions,such as oxidation,hydrolytic deamination,alkylation adducts,the accumulation of high levels of mtDNA damage will lead to the generation and development of various related diseases.The study of mtSSBP1 molecular mechanism and diseases related pathways is at the exploration stage at present,and here is to make a review of the recent research advances of mtSSBP1.