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[目的]探索出一种能提高坡耕地土壤保水能力和减少水土流失的途径。[方法]于2007年在陇中黄土高原半干旱区,设传统耕作下春小麦与甘草间作(TWL)、免耕不覆盖下春小麦与甘草间作(NTWL)、免耕秸秆覆盖下春小麦与甘草间作(NTSWL)3个处理,坡度在6~7°之间。每个处理小区底部设径流收集池。[结果]不同处理防治水土流失的效果不同,NTSWL最好,NTWL次之,第三为TWL。流失泥沙的养分含量中有机质、速效N、速效P、速效K的流失总量最大,全N和全P的流失总量最小,NTSWL处理对减少有机质、速效N、全N和全P的流失具有明显的作用;径流量、泥沙量与降雨量的回归关系均十分显著。[结论]免耕秸秆覆盖是控制水土流失的有效措施。
[Objective] The research aimed to explore a way to improve soil water retention capacity and reduce soil erosion in sloping fields. [Method] In the semi-arid area of Longzhong Loess Plateau in 2007, the intercropping of spring wheat with licorice (TWL) under conventional tillage, the intercropping of spring wheat with licorice (NTWL) under no-tillage, the intercropping of spring wheat with licorice under no- NTSWL) 3 treatment, the slope is between 6 ~ 7 °. At the bottom of each treatment plot is a runoff collection pool. [Result] The results of different treatments to control soil and water loss were different, NTSWL was the best, NTWL was the second and TWL was the third. The total amount of organic matter, available N, available P, available K in runoff sediment was the largest, while total N and total P were the least. NTSWL was the most effective way to reduce the loss of organic matter, available N, total N and total P Has a significant role; runoff, sediment yield and rainfall regression relationship is very significant. [Conclusion] The no-tillage straw mulching is an effective measure to control soil erosion.