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有关人民自决权的国际条约和相关国际文书都规定所有人民都有自决权。在国际法上,人民自决权是社会中普遍存在的人民的权利,即任何主权国家的人民和其他领土上人民的权利。可是在国际政治和国际法领域里,人民自决权却是一个难以明确界定的存在争议的概念。由于其内容、主体和适用范围一直在随着国际政治的变化在同步发展,重心也在发生转移,这就导致其性质也难以具体界定。此外,人民自决权在赋予人民权利的同时,不可避免存在一定的局限性。
The international treaties on the right of peoples to self-determination and relevant international instruments all provide for the right of all peoples to self-determination. In international law, the right of peoples to self-determination is the prevalent right of peoples in society, that is, the rights of peoples in any sovereign state and people in other territories. However, in the fields of international politics and international law, the people’s right to self-determination is a controversial concept that is difficult to define clearly. Due to its content, subject and scope of application, its development has shifted along with the change of international politics and its center of gravity has also shifted. As a result, its nature can hardly be defined in detail. In addition, the right of peoples to self-determination, while giving people’s rights, inevitably has some limitations.