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用SDS-PAGE方法测定了我国10个小麦主产省份171份小麦品种和高代品系的高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)组成。鉴定出18种HMW-GS,40种HMW-GS组成形式,其中20种亚基其组成形式只在一个品种(系)中出现。Glu-A1位点亚基1和Null出现最多,Glu-B1位点7+8和7+9亚基对占绝对优势,Glu-D1位点2+12亚基对出现频率最高。Null、7+9、2+12、Null,7+8,2+12,1、7+8,2+12,1、7+9、2+12等亚基组成形成出现频率最高,占分析品种的49.71%。与前人研究相比,新育成品种HMW-GS亚基组成发生了明显变化,面包优质亚基(对)1、5+10出现的频率显著升高,亚基多态性增加,组成形式明显改善,这些对于品质改良和品种选育是非常有利的,新育成品种Glu-1品质评分已超过7。尽管个别品种亚基组成好,品质优良,但总体上看,我国小麦品种与其它国家相比品质还存在一定差距,提高5+10、17+18等优质亚基的频率是改善我国小麦面包品质的重要措施。
SDS-PAGE method was used to determine the HMW-GS composition of 171 wheat cultivars and high-yielding lines in 10 wheat-producing provinces in China. 18 kinds of HMW-GS and 40 kinds of HMW-GS were identified, of which 20 kinds of subunits only appeared in one variety (line). The subunits 1 and Null appeared at the Glu-A1 locus, while the 7 + 8 and 7 + 9 subunits at the Glu-B1 loci had the absolute superiority. The 2 + 12 subunits at the Glu-D1 locus had the highest frequency of occurrence. Null, 7 + 9,2 + 12, Null, 7 + 8,2 + 12,1,7 + 8,2 + 12,1,7 + 9,2 + 12 and other subunit composition of the formation of the highest frequency, accounting analysis 49.71% of varieties. Compared with the previous studies, the HMW-GS subunit composition of the newly-cultivated varieties had a significant change. The frequency of high breads subunits (pairs) 1,5 + 10 increased significantly, the subunit polymorphism increased, and the composition was obvious Improvement, these are very good for quality improvement and variety breeding, and the new breeding product variety Glu-1 quality score has exceeded 7. Although the composition of subunits of individual varieties is good and of good quality, on the whole, there is still a certain gap in quality between Chinese wheat varieties and other countries. Improving the frequency of such high quality subunits as 5 + 10, 17 + 18 is to improve the quality of Chinese wheat bread Important measure.