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三圃制和四级种子生产程序（简称四级程序）是两条不同的良种繁育技术路线。从作物与环境的关系、良种繁育过程中不同的选择方法及良繁种群的群体遗传学理论等方面，就三圃制和四级程序的相关理论问题进行了讨论，希望通过这种讨论，能够对两条技术路线在良种繁育实践中的作用意义和地位有更为全面深刻地认识，以进一步推动良种繁育科学研究的深入开展。
Three Pu system and fourth-level seed production process (referred to as the four-level program) is two different varieties of breeding technology route. From the aspects of the relationship between crop and environment, the different selection methods in the process of seed breeding and the population genetics theory of good breed population, the author discussed the relevant theoretical issues of San Pu system and the four-level procedure. It is hoped that through this discussion, The two technology lines in the practice of breeding and breeding significance and status of a more comprehensive and profound understanding to further push forward the scientific research of breeding in depth.