微创经皮肾镜取石术(MPCNL)目前已成为上尿路结石治疗的重要手段,术中建立皮肾通道是手术的关键步骤。临床上常在B超引导或X线监视下行定位穿刺,对于轻度积水或非积水的复杂性肾结石则因难度大,往往要多次穿刺才能成功;而对于先天性肾畸形、有肾脏开放手术史或肾脏与结肠解剖关系密切者,常规的穿刺方法可能导致邻近脏器的损伤,造成严 Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) has become an important method for the treatment of upper urinary tract stones. Intraoperative establishment of the renal access is the key step of surgery. Clinically often in the B-guided or X-ray positioning down puncture for mild hydronephrosis or non-accumulation of water because of the complexity of renal stones because of difficulty, often to multiple puncture to be successful; and for congenital kidney deformity, there Open renal surgery history or kidney and colon anatomy close, the conventional puncture method may result in damage to nearby organs, resulting in strict