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目的分析云南省消除疟疾行动计划项目执行情况与疟疾流行和防治能力状况,为科学实施消除疟疾行动计划项目及考核验收工作提供参考依据。方法采用回顾性与现场调查相结合的方式,对云南省疟疾病例报告与处置、病原学检测、疟防能力状况等进行调查。结果2012年全省共报告疟疾636例,发病率为1.4/10万,发病率较比上年同期减少了46.7%。其中输入病例459例,占总病例数的72.2%;本地病例177例,占总病例数的27.8%;间日疟514例,占总病例数的80.8%;恶性疟120例,占总病例数的18.9%;三日疟2例,占总病例数的0-3%;死亡2例,占总病例数的0.3%。发病率在万分之一以下的一类县的比例和达到无本地感染病例的二类县比例较2011年分别提高了13.6%、25.0%,有一个三类县发生本地感染病例:一二类县和三类县在流行季节发热患者血检的比例相比2011年分别提高了15.6%、23.8%;病例规范治疗率和病例诊断后24 h内病例报告率相比2011年分别提高了26.0%、16.3%;县疾病预防控制中心分管领导、疫情管理员和相关工作人员的项目管理、疟疾防治知识培训率和县级综合医院检验员的镜检培训率相比2011年分别提高了36.9%、32.1%,能开展疟原虫镜的州(市)、县(市、区)综合医院的比例和县(市、区)综合医院临床医生疟疾防治知识考核合格率较2011年分别提高了54.2%、22.2%。结论云南省基本实现了从控制阶段走向消除疟疾阶段的目标。
Objective To analyze the implementation status of malaria elimination plan and malaria epidemic and prevention and control capacity in Yunnan Province and provide reference for scientifically implementing malaria elimination plan of action and inspection and acceptance. Methods A retrospective and field survey was conducted to investigate the malaria cases report and treatment, the etiological detection and the malaria defense ability in Yunnan Province. Results In 2012, a total of 636 malaria cases were reported in the province, with a prevalence of 1.4 / 100000. The incidence rate was 46.7% less than the same period of last year. Among them, 459 cases were imported, accounting for 72.2% of the total cases; 177 cases were local cases, accounting for 27.8% of the total cases; 514 cases of Plasmodium vivax, accounting for 80.8% of the total cases; 120 cases of falciparum malaria, accounting for the total number of cases Of malaria cases in 2 cases, accounting for 0-3% of the total number of cases; 2 cases of death, accounting for 0.3% of the total number of cases. The proportion of the two types of counties with morbidity below one ten thousandth and the proportions of the two categories of counties with no local cases of infection increased by 13.6% and 25.0% respectively as compared with that in 2011, with one case of local infection in three types of counties: The proportion of blood samples of fever patients in the counties and counties during the epidemic season increased by 15.6% and 23.8% respectively as compared with that of 2011. The case-based treatment rates and case-reporting rates within 24 hours after diagnosis increased by 26.0% , 16.3% respectively; the project management of malaria prevention and control center of the county CDC, the project management of malaria epidemic prevention and related staff, the malaria prevention and treatment knowledge training rate and the mirror examination training rate of county-level general hospital examiners increased by 36.9% 32.1%, the proportion of prefectural (city) and county (city and district) general hospitals that can carry out malaria parasites and the qualified rate of malaria prevention and control examination by clinicians in county (city and district) general hospitals increased by 54.2% 22.2%. Conclusion Yunnan Province has basically achieved its goal of eliminating malaria from the control phase.