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积极的财政政策其实质是一种扩张性政策,它作为宏观经济政策的一个重要组成部分,并不是孤立地发挥作用,而是随经济发展的需要而相机抉择的。到目前为止,积极的财政政策执行了三年,共增发国债建设资金2100亿元,相应增加银行配套贷款4200亿元。这些资金除加大了对国家基础设施项目的建设外,还增加了高技术产业化、重大设备国产化、企业技术改造、支持高校扩大招生等内容,共建设6620多个项目。不仅有效扩大了投资需求,还为宏观经济的持续发展奠定了基础。但是积极财政政策已执行了三年,考虑到财政的承受能力以及政府宏观调控效果等问题,积极财政政策的负作用也开始逐步显现。积极财政政策还将持续多久,下一步财政政策的取向将会有什么变化,特别是目前的积极财政政策面临中长期化等等一系列问题,都需要我们做出理性的思考。
The essence of an active fiscal policy is an expansionist policy. As an important component of a macroeconomic policy, the active fiscal policy does not function in isolation. Instead, it chooses the camera according to the needs of economic development. So far, the proactive fiscal policy has been implemented for three years, with a total increase of 210 billion yuan of treasury bonds and a corresponding increase of 420 billion yuan of bank loans. These funds not only increased the construction of national infrastructure projects, but also added more than 6,620 projects, including high-tech industrialization, localization of major equipment, technological transformation of enterprises, and support for colleges and universities to expand enrollment. This not only effectively expanded investment demand but also laid the foundation for the sustained development of the macroeconomy. However, the active fiscal policy has been implemented for three years. Considering the financial capacity of the government and the effect of the government’s macroeconomic regulation and control, the negative effects of the proactive fiscal policy are beginning to emerge. How long will the proactive fiscal policy last? How will the future fiscal policy change? In particular, the current proactive fiscal policy is facing a series of problems such as long-term and long-term needs of us to make rational thinking.