一、前言回转成形,也有称作金属回转加工或回转塑性加工,是一门新的加工方法。回转成形一语始用于十年以前,但至今还没有严密的定义。按日本工藤英明教授定义,回转成形是指“坯料和工具相对回转,沿工具表面的相对运动轨迹或其包络线而成形的塑性加工方法”。通常可以理解为“伴随工具或坯料回转进行的塑性加工方法的总称”。详细一点讲,回转成形是借助工具和坯料同时回转或仅其中一个回转,将机械的转矩或加工能量传递给坯料,使坯料局部渐次变形,最终获得所需形状和尺寸的制品。根据定义可知,回转成形的主要特 I. Introduction Rotary forming, also known as metal rotary processing or rotary plastic processing, is a new processing method. The term rotary molding was used ten years ago, but so far it has not been well defined. According to the Japanese professor Kudo Yingming definition, rotary forming refers to “the relative rotation of billet and tool, along the tool surface relative motion trajectory or envelope and plastic forming method.” It can generally be understood as “the general term for the plastic working method that accompanies the turning of tools or blanks.” In more detail, rotary forming is the simultaneous rotation of tools and blanks, or only one of them, which transfers the mechanical torque or machining energy to the blanks to locally deform the blanks to obtain the desired shape and size. According to the definition, the main feature of rotary forming