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床面形态变化是河床演变的重要方面。如何根据水流和泥沙条件,预测床面可能出现的形态,一直是航道整治与泥沙研究所关心的实际问题。水流阻力规律是水流流动及床面形态等综合特征的反映,反演适当的阻力规律表达式,应能够区分出不同的床面形态。本文正是基于这一理念,通过建立包含床面形态参数的河流水流阻力规律表达形式,并结合水槽试验,得到了确定床面形态的无量纲特征参数,以此对不同床面形态进行区分,绘制出相应床面形态划分图,进而得到了高、低能态时不同床面形态间的分界线方程。该方程可用于对河床形态进行判别与预测,对河流整治具有指导作用。
Bed shape change is an important aspect of river bed evolution. How to predict the possible appearance of the bed according to the current and sediment conditions has always been a real concern for the Channel Regulation and Sediment Research Institute. The law of water flow resistance is a reflection of comprehensive characteristics such as water flow and bed shape. Inverse expressions of resistance regularities should be able to distinguish different bed shapes. Based on this concept, this paper establishes a regular expression of river flow resistance which contains the form parameters of the bed surface. Combined with the test of the sink, the dimensionless characteristic parameters for determining the shape of the bed surface are obtained to distinguish the different bed topography. Draw the corresponding bed surface morphological map, and then get the high and low energy state of the bed form the boundary line equation. The equation can be used to discriminate and predict the shape of the riverbed, which can guide the river regulation.