“现代性”概念成为彰显的文化术语是后现代主义兴起后的事．但对现代性的批判并不是从后现代主义产生后才开始的，早在这之前的卢梭、黑格尔、马克思、尼采已是先驱。后现代主义作为对现代性批判的思想实质是对先驱的承继。不过，他们的各自批判呈现了历史过程的不同方向和层 The term “modernity” has become a prominent cultural term after the rise of post-modernism. However, the criticism of modernity did not begin after the emergence of postmodernism. Before that, Rousseau, Hegel, Marx and Nietzsche were pioneers. Postmodernism as the essence of the critique of modernity inherits from the pioneers. However, their respective criticisms present different directions and layers of the historical process