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已经导出了这样的公式,它清楚地表明了折射波前的曲率和其它几何特性对入射波前和折射界面特性的依赖关系,以及对入射角和折射面两侧地层速度之差的依赖关系。该公式可用来计算当由震源通过地下成层剖面传播到接收器时的几何发散或波前曲率的变化。由地质模型绘制的图解阐明了真信号振幅由于发散引起的衰减特性。
A formula has been derived that clearly shows the dependence of the curvature and other geometric properties of the refracted wavefront on the characteristics of the incident wavefront and the refraction interface and the dependence of the incident angle on the difference in formation velocity on both sides of the refraction plane. This formula can be used to calculate the geometric divergence or wavefront curvature variation as the source propagates through the subterranean layering profile to the receiver. The graphic plotted by the geological model illustrates the attenuation characteristics of true signal amplitude due to divergence.