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目的：对青老年人胃癌中ｐ１６ＩＮＫ４及ｒａｓｐ２１的表达进行研究，在分子生物学水平上探讨青老年人胃癌的发病学之异同。方法：应用过氧化酶标记的链霉卵白素（ＳＰ）染色法对６５例胃癌（其中青年组３５例，老年组３０例）进行免疫组化染色。由两位研究者对染色结果进行观察，采用已知的乳腺癌阳性切片作为对照。所有数据进行χ２检验。结果：在非选择人群，ｐ１６ＩＮＫ４和ｒａｓｐ２１在胃癌中的阳性表达率分别为３６．９％，７５．４％；ｐ１６ＩＮＫ４的阳性表达率随着胃癌分化程度的降低、浸润深度的加深而增高并与淋巴结转移有关；而ｒａｓｐ２１的阳性表达率随胃癌的分化程度降低而降低。ｐ１６ＩＮＫ４在青年人胃癌中的阳性率（６０％）显著高于老年人（１０％）（Ｐ＜０．０５），而ｒａｓｐ２１在前者的阳性率（６２．８％）则显著低于后者（９０％）（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：ｐ１６ＩＮＫ４表达的检测在判断胃癌的恶性程度及淋巴结转移趋势方面具有一定的参考价值。在判断胃癌的恶性程度方面，ｒａｓｐ２１具有一定的参考价值。青老年人胃癌的发病学不尽相同。
Objective: To investigate the expression of p16INK4 and rasp21 in gastric cancer of the elderly, and to explore the similarities and differences in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer in the elderly. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining was performed on 65 cases of gastric cancer (35 in the young group and 30 in the old group) by peroxidase-labeled streptavidin (SP) staining. The staining results were observed by two investigators using a known positive section of breast cancer as a control. All data were subjected to the χ2 test. Results: In non-selected populations, the positive expression rates of p16INK4 and rasp21 in gastric cancer were 36.9% and 75.4%, respectively; the positive expression rate of p16INK4 increased with the decrease in the degree of differentiation of gastric cancer and the depth of invasion. Lymph node metastasis was involved; however, the positive rate of rasp21 decreased with the degree of differentiation of gastric cancer. The positive rate of p16INK4 in gastric cancer among young people (60%) was significantly higher than that of elderly (10%) (P<0.05), while the positive rate of rasp21 in the former (62.8%) was significantly lower than that of the latter ( 90%) (P<0.05). Conclusion: The detection of p16INK4 expression has certain reference value in judging the malignant degree of gastric cancer and the trend of lymph node metastasis. Rasp21 has certain reference value in judging the degree of malignancy of gastric cancer. The pathogenesis of gastric cancer in the elderly is not the same.