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为评估婚前检查对预防地中海贫血(简称地贫)的作用。对1991年5月1日～1997年4月30日在佛山市城区各医院进行婚前检查的男女常规作地贫筛查,对地贫高危婚配的夫妇,劝其进行婚前咨询和(或)产前诊断。系统检查27 288例(53.8％),拟诊 a地贫携带者 704例(2.57％),β地贫携带者509例(1.86％),血红蛋白H病4例(0. 15‰),血红蛋白E病1例(0.4％。)。a地贫高危婚配20对(0.14％),β地贫高危婚配4对(0.03％)。产前诊断重型地贫高危胎儿15例,其中诊断正常胎儿3例,α地贫特征6例,Hb Bart’s水肿胎儿4例,β地贫特征1例,重型β地贫胎儿1例。结论:婚前检查是早期发现地贫高危婚配夫妇的最简单方法,对高危婚配夫妇进行婚前咨询和产前诊断,能及早发现重型地贫胎儿,杜绝患儿的出生。这些措施的推广应用,对优生优育有着重要的现实意义。
To assess the effect of premarital examination on the prevention of thalassemia (referred to as thalassemia). On May 1, 1991 ~ April 30, 1997 in Foshan City, the hospital pre-marital examination of men and women for routine screening for thalassemia, couples with high risk marriage to thalassemia, to persuade them to consult and / or prenuptial marriage Pre-diagnosis. A total of 27,288 cases (53.8%) were systematically examined, 704 (2.57%) were diagnosed with thalassemia a-carriers, 509 (1.86%) were carriers of beta-thalassemia, 4 were hemoglobin H 1 case of disease (0.4%.). a High risk of thalassemia marriage with 20 pairs (0.14%), β-thalassemia high risk marriage with 4 pairs (0.03%). Prenatal diagnosis of 15 cases of high risk fetuses of severe thalassemia, including 3 cases of normal fetus, 6 cases of α-thalassemia, 4 cases of Hb Bart’s edema, 1 case of β-thalassemia, and 1 case of severe β-thalassemia. Conclusion: Premarital examination is the simplest method of early detection of high-risk couples with thalassemia. Premarital counseling and prenatal diagnosis of high-risk married couples can detect heavy pre-delivery pregnancy and prevent the birth of children. The promotion and application of these measures have important practical significance for prenatal and postnatal care.