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在海上地震勘探中,气枪激发时所产生的气泡震荡影响了地震资料的信噪比和分辨率。目前使用较为广泛的方法是应用远场子波预测反褶积来压制震源气泡的影响。在浅水中压制由于空气枪产生的气泡振荡的低频起到了一定作用,可也压制了小部分的有效频率,这对精细勘探来讲是不足的。为满足精细勘探需要,本文通过深水可完整记录直达波的特点,在测线的近道上应用直达波和海底反射波的组合得到统计子波的方法来压制气泡。结果表明气泡得到了很好的压制,并且较好地保护了有效频率。
In marine seismic exploration, the air bubble shock generated by the air gun excitation affects the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the seismic data. The widely used method at present is to apply far-field wavelet prediction deconvolution to suppress the influence of source bubbles. Suppressing the low frequencies oscillated by air bubbles generated by the air gun in shallow water plays a part, suppressing a small part of the effective frequency, which is not sufficient for fine exploration. In order to meet the needs of fine exploration, this paper can record the characteristics of direct waves through deep water, and apply the combination of direct wave and seabed reflected wave to obtain the statistical wavelet in the near line of the line to suppress the bubbles. The results show that the bubble is well suppressed and the effective frequency is well protected.