Near-infrared absorbing (>700 nm) aza-BODIPYs by freezing the rotation of the aryl groups

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The typical aza-BODIPYs in the dye family are known for bright fluorescence,excellent stability,and tunable absorption wavelengths.Hence,these dyes are attracting the increasing attention.Aza-BODIPYs having the maxima absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) region (650-900 nm) are very favorable for bioimaging in vivo due to the less photo-damage,deeper tissue penetration,and less interference from background auto-fluorescence by biomolecules in the living systems.Many strategies have been employed to modify the structures of the aza-BODIPY core to provide the NIR absorbing dyes.Among these,the most effective method is the fusion of the aromatic rings in aza-BODIPY system.This review allsidedly summarizes the recent development of ring-fused aza-BODIPY dyes (λabs > 700 nm) focusing on the design,synthesis,and potential applications in the NIR region since 2002.
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