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HJ-1A/1B是中国以防灾减灾和环境监测为直接应用目标的小卫星星座,为探讨HJ-1A/1B CCD数据在快速监测西南喀斯特地区旱情变化的应用潜力,以2010年遭受严重旱灾的贵州安顺地区为研究区,基于多时相的HJ-1A/1B CCD数据,利用垂直干旱指数、改进的垂直干旱指数和归一化植被指数对研究区的干旱情况和植被长势进行时间序列的监测与分析,并研究了监测模型在干旱监测中的适宜性、差异性及影响因素。结果表明,利用HJ-1A/1B CCD数据、垂直干旱指数和改进的垂直干旱指数,可以实现对旱情变化的快速监测;改进的垂直干旱指数对干旱变化的响应比垂直干旱指数敏感,且在植被覆盖较好地区的监测效果比垂直干旱指数更为有效;降水是影响监测效果的重要因素,降水对改进的垂直干旱指数的影响比垂直干旱指数大;结合干旱监测指数(MPDI,PDI)与植被指数NDVI的时间序列分析,可以更为准确地监测研究区实际旱情变化和植被长势情况。该研究对推广HJ-1A/1B数据在西南喀斯特地区的作物长势和旱情监测中的应用,以及提高中国应对突发灾害的决策能力具有重要意义。
HJ-1A / 1B is a small satellite constellation targeting direct application of disaster prevention and mitigation and environmental monitoring in China. In order to explore the potential of HJ-1A / 1B CCD data for rapid monitoring of drought in the southwest karst region, HJ-1A / Based on HJ-1A / 1B CCD data from multiple phases, time series of drought and vegetation growth in the study area were monitored by using vertical drought index, improved vertical drought index and normalized vegetation index And analyze and study the suitability, difference and influencing factors of monitoring model in drought monitoring. The results showed that the HJ-1A / 1B CCD data, the vertical drought index and the improved vertical drought index could be used to monitor the changes of the drought rapidly. The response of the improved vertical drought index to drought was more sensitive than the vertical drought index, The monitoring results of the covered areas are more effective than the vertical drought index. Precipitation is an important factor affecting the monitoring effect. Precipitation has a greater impact on the improved vertical drought index than the vertical drought index. Combining the drought monitoring index (MPDI, PDI) Index NDVI time series analysis can more accurately monitor the actual drought in the study area and vegetation growth situation. The research is of great significance to promote the application of HJ-1A / 1B data in crop growth and drought monitoring in Southwest Karst area and to improve China’s ability to respond to emergencies.