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在古典经济学的辞典里,资本(主要是物质资本)被视为与土地、劳动和企业家并立的生产要素概念,是同质的。但自20世纪60年代舒尔茨(T.W.Schultz)贝克尔(Garv S. Becker)提出人力资本(Human Capital)概念之后,打破了资本的同质性假定,并促生了多种形式的资本概念。在20世纪80年代美国社会学家科尔曼(James Coleman)等人系统地提出“社会资本”(Social Capital)概念之后,尽管起初纯属社会学术语,但社会资本一词逐渐在社会学、经济学、管理学、政治学和人类学等领域得到了广泛应用,被视为一个开创性的贡献。本文将对国内外学者的最新研究成果和相关历史文献做一较系统的回顾与梳理, 并试图对经济学理论与社会资本理论的有关问题做初步探讨,最后再给出一个总结性评论。
In the classical economics of the dictionary, capital (mainly material capital) is considered homogeneous with the concept of factors of production that are parallel to land, labor and entrepreneurs. However, since the concept of human capital was proposed by TWSchultz in the 1960s, the concept of human capital broke the hypothesis of homogeneity of capital and gave rise to various forms of capitalism . After the American sociologist James Coleman and others systematically proposed the concept of “social capital” in the 1980s, the term social capital gradually became socially Science, economics, management science, political science and anthropology and other fields has been widely used, is considered a groundbreaking contribution. This article will make a systematic review and analysis of the latest research results and relevant historical documents of scholars at home and abroad, and try to make a preliminary study of the relevant issues of the economic theory and social capital theory, and finally give a summary comment.