形式批评方法对圣经研究的影响巨大,并取得了丰富的成果。但它的一些不足之处也随着研究的深入而显露出来,单一地使用或是过度滥用这种方法也同样蕴藏着危险。文学中还有其他诸多特征是形式批评方法不能处理的。要理解希伯来文学创作的本质、作者们创作时所用的多样的手段,相应的方法论是“修辞批评”。对形式批评我们既要反思又要超越。 Formal criticism has a tremendous impact on biblical research and has yielded rich results. However, some of its shortcomings have also been revealed with the deepening of research. It is also dangerous to use this method singly or excessively. There are many other features in literature that formal criticism can not handle. To understand the nature of Hebrew literature, the authors use a variety of means of creation, the corresponding methodology is “rhetorical criticism ”. We must both reflect and surpass the formal criticism.