按ｐ×ｑ交配模式，以４个Ｒｈｔ３矮秆系为母本，１０个小麦品种（系）为父本配制了４０个杂种Ｆ１，研究其粒重优势表现。结果表明，４０个杂种的平均优势平均为１１９５％，变幅为－６４９％～２８８３％。超亲优势平均为０１２％，变幅为－１８９５％～１７５７％。竞争优势平均为－４９６％，变幅为－２４２４％～１７７４％。选用粒重较高的Ｒｈｔ３矮秆系如ＮＤ３５和ＮＤ３７作母本，粒重超过对照的品种（系）作父本，较易获得粒重具正向竞争优势的杂种。１４个亲本的配合力分析，针对选育高粒重的杂交组合育种目标，矮秆系中ＮＤ３５和ＮＤ３７利用价值较高，１０个品种（系）中邯分８６１３、鲁８９５０２３和鲁８９６０１８的利用价值较高。讨论了克服Ｒｈｔ３基因对粒重的不利效应，选育高粒重半矮秆杂种小麦的途径 According to the p × q mating pattern, 40 hybrids F1 were prepared from 4 Rht3 dwarf lines as female parent and 10 wheat cultivars (lines) as male parents to study their grain weight predominance. The results showed that the average superiority of 40 hybrids was 1195% and the amplitude ranged from -649% to 2883%. The average transfrontal superiority was 012% and the amplitude was -1895% ~ 1757%. The average competitive advantage is -4.96% and the amplitude is -24.24% to 17.74%. Selection of high grain weight Rht3 dwarf strains such as ND35 and ND37 as the female parent, grain weight over the control varieties (lines) as the parent, easier to obtain the grain weight of a positive competitive hybrids. 14 parents of combining ability analysis, breeding target for breeding high grain weight hybrid combinations, dwarfing lines ND35 and ND37 high value, 10 varieties (lines) Handan 86 13, Lu 895023 and Lu 896018 The use of higher value. The adverse effects of Rht3 on grain weight and the ways of breeding high-grain-weight semi-short stalk hybrid wheat