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目的 探讨阿仑膦酸钠 (alendronate ,ALN)对去势家兔骨质疏松的预防作用。方法 7月龄大白兔随机分成假手术组(shamoperation ,SHAM O)、去势对照组 (ovariectomy ,OVX)和实验组 (OVX +ALN)。SHAM O组行腹腔开关术 ,后两组行经腹腔双侧卵巢切除术 ,OVX +ALN组在切除卵巢后立即给予ALN 10mg·d-1喂服 ,饲养 12周。分别在术前和术后第 1,2 ,4,8,12周测定 3组的血清碱性磷酸酶 (alkalinephosphatase ,ALP)水平 ,尿钙肌苷比值 (calciumcreatinineratio ,Ca/Cr) ,用定量CT(quantitativecomputedtomography ,OCT)测定腰锥2～ 4 (lumbar2～ 4 vertebrate ,L2～ 4 )骨密度 (bonemineraldensity ,BMD)。第 12周末将全部家兔处死 ,取双侧股骨进行力学实验 ,取胫骨干骺端松质骨进行光镜切片观察。结果 与SHAM O组相比 ,OVX组血清ALP与尿Ca/Cr明显升高 ,OVX +ALN组血清ALP先轻度升高后 ,很快恢复到术前水平 ,尿Ca/Cr轻度下降。OVX组与另两组相比骨密度、股骨极限扭矩及 3点弯曲最大挠度显著下降 ,OVX +ALN组与SHAM O组间无明显差异。病理切片见OVX组骨小梁稀疏 ,变细 ,排列紊乱 ,另两组骨小梁粗细均匀 ,排列规整。结论 阿仑膦酸钠能有效预防去势后家兔的骨质疏松。
Objective To investigate the preventive effect of alendronate (ALN) on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rabbits. Methods Rabbits of 7 months old were randomly divided into sham operation (SHAM O), ovariectomy (OVX) and experimental group (OVX + ALN). SHAM O group underwent abdominal switch, the latter two groups underwent transabdominal bilateral ovariectomy. OVX + ALN group was given ALN 10 mg · d-1 immediately after ovariectomy, and were housed for 12 weeks. The levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and calcium creatinine ratio (Ca / Cr) in 3 groups were measured before operation and at the 1st, 2nd, 4th, (lumbar2 ~ 4 vertebrate, L2 ~ 4) bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by quantitative computed tomography (OCT). At the end of the 12th week, all the rabbits were sacrificed and the bilateral femur was taken for mechanical experiments. The tibial metaphyseal cancellous bone was observed under light microscope. Results Compared with SHAM O group, serum ALP and urinary Ca / Cr in OVX group were significantly increased. Serum ALP in OVX + ALN group increased slightly first and then returned to preoperative level. Urinary Ca / Cr decreased slightly. Compared with the other two groups, the BMD, the ultimate torque of the femur and the maximum deflection at 3-point bending of OVX group decreased significantly. There was no significant difference between OVX + ALN group and SHAM O group. Pathological sections of trabecular bone seen in the OVX group sparse, thinner, arranged disorder, and the other two groups of trabecular thickness and orderly arrangement. Conclusion alendronate can effectively prevent osteoporosis in ovariectomized rabbits.