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在哈耶克的自由主义理论体系中,自发秩序理论居于核心地位。哈耶克的自发秩序理论继承了由孟德维尔始创并进一步由18世纪苏格兰启蒙运动思想家斯密、休谟、弗格森等人发展的思想,并在批判继承中达到了新的高度。本文对这一理论产生的社会历史渊源和思想理论前提进行了发掘,并详尽介绍了哈耶克自发秩序的理论内容,同时以马克思的视阈对哈耶克的自发秩序理论和市场经济进行了批判,从辩证的角度对哈耶克的自发秩序理论作一评析。
In Hayek’s liberal theoretical system, the theory of spontaneous order lives at the core. Hayek’s theory of spontaneous order inherited the ideas pioneered by Mondeville and further developed by Smith, Hume and Ferguson, the 18th century Scottish Enlightenment thinkers, and reached new heights in critical inheritance. This paper explores the social and historical origins and ideological premise of this theory and gives a detailed introduction of the theoretical content of Hayek’s spontaneous order. At the same time, it analyzes Hayek’s spontaneous order theory and market economy with Marx’s view Criticize Hayek’s theory of spontaneous order from a dialectical perspective.