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基于WIOD数据库,本文对1999~2011年中国和印度制造业中间投入服务化水平进行了测算和比较。结果发现:(1)整体上看,印度制造业中间服务投入率不断提升,而中国制造业中间服务投入率基本保持稳定甚至略有下降;(2)中、印制造业企业对“批发零售业”“运输邮电”作为中间投入品的依赖程度要高于“金融保险”“房地产、租赁和商业服务”与“住宿餐饮”;(3)中国制造业对服务中间投入的依赖度一直徘徊不前,对“批发零售”“金融保险业”的依赖度要明显低于印度,且该差距在不断扩大;(4)近年来中国技术密集型制造业的服务中间投入率有所提升,与资金、技术密集型制造业比较而言,中国在劳动密集型制造业上的服务投入率与印度的差距最大。针对上述结论,本文逐一进行分析解释,并在此基础上提出了一系列对策建议。
Based on the WIOD database, this paper estimates and compares the service input levels of manufacturing industries between China and India from 1999 to 2011. The results showed that: (1) As a whole, the input rate of manufacturing intermediate services in India kept rising while the input rate of intermediate services in manufacturing industries in China kept stable or even decreased slightly. (2) The manufacturing enterprises in China and India Industry “” Transport Posts and Telecommunications “as the intermediate inputs higher degree of reliance than ” financial insurance “” real estate, leasing and business services “and ” accommodation and catering “; (3) The reliance on service input has been stagnant, the reliance on ”wholesale and retail“ ”finance and insurance " is significantly lower than that of India, and the gap is expanding. (4) In recent years, China’s technology-intensive In the manufacturing sector, the service input rate has risen. Compared with the capital-intensive and technology-intensive manufacturing industries, the gap between China’s service input rate in labor-intensive manufacturing industries and that in India is the largest. In view of the above conclusion, this article analyzes and explains one by one, and on this basis, puts forward a series of countermeasures and suggestions.