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目的研究音乐放松对缓解特殊作业人员应激情绪的作用。方法在参加神舟十一号载人航天飞行任务的工作人员中招募志愿者15人,任务过程中和任务后各进行1次音乐放松。在音乐放松前、后采集主观体验指标和唾液皮质醇指标,音乐放松过程中采集心率变异性指标。结果音乐放松后,心率(heart rate,HR)降低[(71.08±7.97)beats/min vs.(68.15±7.05)beats/min)],相邻NN间期差的均方根(root mean square of successive differences,RMSSD)升高[(29.15±13.27)ms vs.(36.86±14.22ms)],高频功率(high frequency,HF)升高[(219.05±180.39)ms~2vs.(329.01±235.87)ms],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。唾液皮质醇(cortisol)水平降低[(6.50±1.04)ng/mL vs.(6.01±0.65)ng/mL],差异接近显著(P=0.079)。结论音乐放松对于缓解作业人员应激情绪具有积极作用,对于下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal,HPA)轴和自主神经系统均有影响。
Objective To study the role of music relaxation in relieving the stress of special operators. Methods Fifteen volunteers were enrolled in the staff participating in the manned space flight mission on the 11th Shenzhou, and the music relaxation was conducted once during and after the mission. Before and after music relaxation, subjective experience indicators and indicators of salivary cortisol were collected, and heart rate variability indexes were collected during music relaxation. Results After the music was relaxed, heart rate (HR) decreased (71.08 ± 7.97 beats / min vs. (68.15 ± 7.05) beats / min), root mean square of (29.05 ± 13.27) ms vs. (36.86 ± 14.22ms)], high frequency (HF) increased [(219.05 ± 180.39) ms ~ 2vs. ms], the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The level of salivary cortisol was significantly lower than that of control group [(6.50 ± 1.04) ng / mL vs. (6.01 ± 0.65) ng / mL], respectively. Conclusions Musical relaxation plays a positive role in alleviating the stressors of workers, and affects the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and autonomic nervous system.