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本文从热力学、动力学以及工艺技术方面,讨论了各种铁矿石还原新方法的工艺条件和使用范围;评述了熔融还原法和直接还原法的发展现状。在世界炼铁生产中,高炉法迄今仍占首要地位。同时,铁矿石直接还原法是多种多样的,特别是在利用天然气和煤生产固体海绵铁方面,情况更是如此。在某些地区,直接还原法已具有经济意义。当然,在联邦德国由于能源状况,即使在九十年代“生铁—转炉钢”法仍将保持自己的地位。
In this paper, the thermodynamic, kinetic and technological aspects, discussed a variety of new methods of iron ore reduction process conditions and the scope of use; Review of the melting reduction method and the direct reduction of the status quo. In the world of iron production, the blast furnace method still occupies the first place. At the same time, direct iron ore reduction methods are diverse, especially in the use of natural gas and coal to produce solid sponge iron. In some areas, direct reduction has been of economic significance. Of course, in the Federal Republic of Germany due to the energy situation, the “pig iron-converter steel” law will remain in place even in the nineties.