:法兰克福学派第二代理论家施米特在《马克思的自然概念》一书中提出了社会与自然的双向中介关系论。他在马克思经济学手稿的理解之上正确地坚持了唯物主义的立场 ,以反对青年卢卡奇的社会存在 (关系 )本体论 ,可是 ,他用以反对关系本体论的法宝却是自然唯物主义的“自然倒退”说。这种论证其实是对马克思“物质变换”概念的非法挪用。一方面 ,施米特口口声声反对一切哲学本体论 ,另一方面 ,他又在自然必然性的基始性中坠入最陈旧的自然物质本体论 : Schmitt, a second generation theorist of the Frankfurt School, put forward the two-way relationship between society and nature in his book The Concept of Nature in Marx. He correctly upheld the materialist position on the understanding of Marx’s manuscripts of manuscripts in opposition to Lukacs’s social existence (relation) ontology, but the magic weapon he used to oppose the relational ontology was the natural materialism The “natural regression” that. This argument is actually an illegitimate appropriation of the concept of “material transformation” by Marx. On the one hand, Schmidt vocally opposed all philosophical ontologies; on the other hand, he fell into the oldest obsolete natural material ontology in the primitive nature of natural necessity