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目的：通过对面神经颞面干与面后静脉解剖关系研究，为临床提供解剖学基础。方法：采用成人尸头５具１０侧进行面神经解剖学观察。在临床上并以面后静脉为标志，在寻找、显露、保护面神经的前提下，实施腮腺上极、颞下颌关节及颧面区手术３８例３８侧。结果：４６例面后静脉位于面神经颞面干内侧（９４．７％），仅１例２侧面后静脉位于面神经颞面干外侧。结论：腮腺及耳颞区手术以面后静脉为标志，容易寻找面神经，并可减少并发症。
OBJECTIVE: To provide an anatomical basis for the clinical study of the anatomy of the facial nerve and the posterior facial veins. Methods: Anatomical observation of facial nerve was performed on 5 sides of 5 adult cadaver heads. On the premise of finding, revealing and protecting the facial nerve, 38 cases of parotid upper pole, temporomandibular joint and zygomatic area were performed in 38 cases on the basis of clinic and posterior venous vein. Results: Of the 46 cases, the posterior facial veins were located in the medial temporal muscle of the facial nerve (94.7%). Only 1 posterior lateral veins were located outside of the temporal facial stem. Conclusion: The parotid gland and ear - temporal area are marked by the posterior veins, which is easy to find the facial nerve and can reduce the complications.