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据最近一期《瞭望》周刊介绍:目前世界各国卫生保健体制,可分为国家预算制、社会健康保障制和自费制三种基本类型。 国家预算制——其卫生费用主要通过税收由国家预算支出。政府投资举办卫生机构,直接向居民提供各种卫生服务。前苏联及东欧社会主义国家均属此类。这种体制能较好地解决卫生服务的普及性和公平性,重视预防和PHC,但医务人员工资低,服务质量及效率均较差。
According to the latest issue of the Outlook magazine, the current health care system in the world can be divided into three basic types: the state budget system, the social health security system, and the self-paid system. The national budget system - its health costs are mainly spent through the state budget. The government invests in the establishment of health institutions to provide various health services directly to residents. The former Soviet Union and the Eastern European socialist countries all fall into this category. This kind of system can better solve the prevalence and fairness of health services and attach importance to prevention and PHC. However, medical personnel have low wages, and service quality and efficiency are both poor.