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美国从1975年开始要求绝大多数非柴油汽车使用无铅汽油,以便不损坏催化转换器,并降低废气中的含铅量。汽车之所以要用催化转换器是为了使废气排放达到标准。长期以来,石油工业部门采用有机铅化学添加剂提高燃料的辛烷值,而现在由于催化转换器的使用,对燃料提出了新的要求。专家估计,许多有铅汽油将在1995年被淘汰,而由各种含氧的有机化合物类辛烷促进剂取代铅。 目前,还有不少国家也在转向无铅汽油。日本已决定使用无铅汽油,日本的环保标准与美国差不多,有些方面还严于美国;澳大利亚早几年已开始使用无铅汽油和催化转换器;欧共体正研究开发可用于每加仑含铅0.5g的汽油
Since 1975, the United States has demanded that the vast majority of non-diesel vehicles use unleaded gasoline so as not to damage the catalytic converter and reduce the lead content in the exhaust gas. The reason cars use catalytic converters is to make exhaust emissions standards. The oil industry has long used organic lead additives to raise the octane rating of fuels, and now it is fueling new requirements due to the use of catalytic converters. Experts estimate that many leaded gasoline will be phased out in 1995 to replace lead with various oxygenated organic compounds such as octane boosters. At present, many countries are also turning to unleaded petrol. Japan has decided to use unleaded petrol. Japan’s environmental standards are about the same as those in the United States, and some are even more serious in the United States. Australia has started to use unleaded petrol and catalytic converters in recent years. The European Community is studying ways to develop leaded petrol 0.5g of gasoline