在分子或晶体中,相邻原子之间的强烈的相互作用叫做化学键.由于不同元素的原子结构各不相同,所以它们之间相互作用的方式也不尽相同,这就形成了不同类型、不同强度的化学键.化学键的基本类型有离子键、共价键(极性键、非极性键、配位键)和金属键,这些化学键既有区别又有联系,在一定条件下,相互过渡、相互转化.一、离子键与共价键1.离子键与共价键的区别①成键条件不同.在形成离子键时,典型金属和典型非金属原子发生电子得失,生成阳离子和阴离子,在阴阳离子相互接近过程中,当离子间的静电吸引作用与电子云之间、两核之间的排斥作用达到平衡,离子之间形成了离子键.共价键是靠电子配对形成的,成键原子必须有未成对电子,成键时,原子还 In a molecule or a crystal, the strong interaction between adjacent atoms is called a chemical bond, and because different elements have different atomic structures, the ways in which they interact with each other are also different, resulting in different types and different Strength of the chemical bond. The basic types of chemical bonds are ionic bonds, covalent bonds (polar bonds, non-polar bonds, coordination bonds) and metal bonds, these chemical bonds have both distinction and contact, under certain conditions, mutual transition, Mutual conversion I. Ionic bond and covalent bond 1. The difference between ionic bond and covalent bond ① different bonding conditions In the formation of ionic bond, the typical metal and the typical non-metallic atomic gain and loss of electrons, generating cations and anions, in the anion and cation In the process of mutual approach, when the electrostatic attraction between ions and the electron cloud, the repulsion between the two nuclei is balanced and the ionic bonds are formed. The covalent bonds are formed by electronic matching and the bonding atoms must There are unpaired electrons, when the key, the atom also