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为了探讨哈氏仿对虾在不同生长阶段的营养需求及非特异免疫能力。分别于哈氏仿对虾养殖的第0、10、17、21、34、63、77、90天采集样品,测定哈氏仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis hardwickii)肝胰腺中消化酶(酸性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶)以及非特异性免疫酶(酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、超氧化物歧化酶)活性。结果表明:哈氏仿对虾肝胰腺中消化酶和非特异性免疫酶活性随生长而发生显著变化。碱性蛋白酶活性在养殖10天出现微弱的波峰,至17天降至最低,至90天达到最大。酸性蛋白酶活性在养殖第0天未检出,从第10天开始,持续升高,至63天活性最高。淀粉酶与脂肪酶活性均呈现“波浪式”变化,淀粉酶活性在0天最高,34、77天出现两个波峰。脂肪酶活性在90天最低,波峰出现在21、77天。酸性磷酸酶与超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均在21天最低,随后开始上升,分别在77天与63天开始下降;碱性磷酸酶活性在17天最低,63天最高;可在哈氏仿对虾养殖前期0~21天(体长小于36.00 mm)与养殖后期(63天始,体长大于57.85 mm)投喂的饵料中添加适量的免疫增强剂来提高非特异性免疫酶活性。
In order to investigate the nutritional requirements and non-specific immune capacity of Hami imitation shrimp at different growth stages. Samples were collected on the 0th, 10th, 17th, 21st, 34th, 63th, 77th and 90th days of imitation shrimp farming respectively, and the digestive enzymes (acid protease, alkaline protease, Amylase, lipase) and non-specific immune enzymes (acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, superoxide dismutase) activity. The results showed that the activities of digestive enzymes and non-specific immune enzymes in hepatopancreas of Hami shrimp significantly changed with the growth. Alkaline protease activity showed weak peaks 10 days after culture, reaching a minimum by 17 days and reaching its maximum by 90 days. Acid protease activity was not detectable on day 0 of culture, and continued to increase from day 10 until the highest activity was reached at day 63. Amylase and lipase activity showed “wave type ” changes, the highest amylase activity in 0 days, 34,77 days two peaks. The lipase activity was the lowest at 90 days and the peak appeared at 21,77 days. The activities of acid phosphatase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) all reached the lowest at 21 days, and then began to rise. The activity of alkaline phosphatase began to decrease at 77 days and 63 days respectively. The activity of alkaline phosphatase was the lowest at 17 days and the highest at 63 days. To improve the nonspecific immunoenzyme activity, an appropriate amount of immune enhancer was added to the diets fed on the first to the 21st feces (body length less than 36.00 mm) and the late feathers (63 days, body length greater than 57.85 mm).