在德国,开展关于实证论的争论的是世界知名哲学家波普尔和阿多诺,其后是他们的学生哈贝马斯和阿尔伯特.哈贝马斯和阿尔伯特后来也成为法兰克福学派和批判理性主义学派这两个对立学派的最著名的代表人物.波普尔著的《开放社会及其敌人》和《历史决定论的贫困》与阿多诺、霍克海默合著的《启蒙的辩证法》一样,是哲学著作,而不是狭义的社会学著作.阿多诺主持了“权威人格”的研究方案并参加了艺术社会学的研究,但这两位思想家仍不失为哲学 In Germany, the arguments for positivism were led by world-renowned philosophers Popper and Adorno, followed by their students Habermas and Albert, who later became the Frankfurt School And Critical School of Criticism, the most famous representative of the two opposing schools, Popper’s Enlightenment of “Open Society and Its Enemies” and “Poverty of Historical Determinism” and Adorno and Horkheimer Like dialectics, it is a philosophical book, not a narrow sociological book. Adorno presided over the research program of “authoritative personality” and participated in the study of sociology of art, but these two thinkers are still regarded as philosophy