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[目的]了解石棉矿工群体常见慢性疾病的种类、患病水平及其影响因素,为制定针对性的职业保护措施提供依据。[方法]采用统一的调查表收集某石棉矿矿工515份有效资料,内容包括一般情况、职业特征、慢性病患病情况、接受职业卫生服务情况。[结果]515名受调查者中有381人患有一种以上慢性疾病,占调查对象的74%。慢性病患病率随年龄和接尘工龄的增长而增长。5位疾病依次为肌肉骨骼系统疾病(37.9%)、消化系统疾病(34.6%)、血液疾病(34.6%)、神经感觉系统疾病(33.8%)、呼吸系统疾病(29.3%)。非条件Logistic回归显示矿工的慢性病患病率主要受收入水平(RR=0.57)、接尘工龄(RR=1.04)、作业方式(RR=0.51)的影响。[结论]该石棉矿矿工慢性病患病率较高,患病影响因素主要是年龄、作业方式和接尘工龄。
[Objective] To understand the types, prevalence and influencing factors of common chronic diseases among asbestos miners and provide basis for developing targeted occupational protection measures. [Method] A total of 515 valid data of asbestos miners were collected using a unified questionnaire. The data included general conditions, occupational characteristics, prevalence of chronic diseases and occupational health services. [Results] Among the 515 respondents, 381 had more than one chronic disease, accounting for 74% of the respondents. The prevalence of chronic diseases increases with age and the age of access control. The five diseases were musculoskeletal diseases (37.9%), digestive diseases (34.6%), hematologic diseases (34.6%), neuropathic system diseases (33.8%) and respiratory diseases (29.3%). Non-conditional logistic regression showed that the prevalence of chronic diseases in miners was mainly affected by income level (RR = 0.57), service-taking age (RR = 1.04) and mode of operation (RR = 0.51) [Conclusion] The asbestos miners had a higher prevalence of chronic diseases and the main influencing factors were age, working methods and the service life of dust.