一、引言19世纪英国著名诗人、小说家托马斯·哈代是英国维多利亚时期最受读者欢迎的作家之一。他被誉为19世纪英国著名的现实主义作家,其小说作品主要继承了维多利亚时代的文学传统,反映了那个时代的社会现实,也批判了社会上的种种不良现象。托马斯·哈代的小说形式主要可以分为三种:第一种类型是性格与环境小说;第二种类型是浪漫与幻想主义小说;第三种类型是结构主义小说。在这三种小说类型中,第一种类型即性格与环境小说,是托马斯·哈代所著小说中最为突出的一种。托马斯·哈代善于 I. INTRODUCTION Thomas Hardy, a famous British poet and novelist in the 19th century, was one of the most popular writers in the Victorian period in England. He was praised as a famous English realist writer in the 19th century. His works mainly inherit Victorian literary traditions, reflect the social reality of that era, and criticize various social unhealthy phenomena. Thomas Hardy’s novels mainly can be divided into three types: the first type is the character and environmental novel; the second type is romantic and fantasy novels; the third type is the structuralist novel. Among the three types of novels, the first type is character and environmental novels, which are the most prominent ones in Thomas Hardy’s novels. Thomas Hardy good at