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目的探讨帕金森病患者嗅觉减退的发生率以及相关因素。方法收集463例帕金森病(PD)患者基本信息,并通过量表系统性评估运动及非运动症状,PD非运动量表“是否有嗅觉减退”项回答“是”者纳入嗅觉减退组,回答“否”者纳入非嗅觉减退组。结果帕金森病患者嗅觉减退发生率为33.9%,86%的患者嗅觉减退出现在运动症状之前,并且与性别、年龄、起病年龄、运动症状、疾病严重程度无明显关系。伴有嗅觉减退患者的情绪障碍如焦虑、抑郁、淡漠较重,并且睡眠和认知功能较差。高质量的睡眠及吸烟是PD嗅觉减退的保护因素,淡漠是危险因素。结论合并嗅觉减退患者可能合并更加严重的情绪、睡眠及认知障碍。
Objective To investigate the incidence and related factors of olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease patients. Methods The basic information of 463 patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) was collected and systematically assessed for exercise and non-motor symptoms through the scale, and PD non-exercise scale (answer yes or no) Group, who answered “No ” included non-olfactory dysfunction group. Results The incidence of olfactory dysfunction in patients with Parkinson’s disease was 33.9%, and 86% of patients had olfactory dysfunction before motor symptoms, and had no significant relationship with sex, age, age of onset, motor symptoms and severity of disease. Emotional disorders such as anxiety, depression, indolence, and poor sleep and cognitive function in patients with hypoglycemia. High-quality sleep and smoking are the protective factors of PD’s sense of smell, indifference is a risk factor. Conclusions Patients with hypoglycemia may be associated with more severe mood, sleep and cognitive disorders.