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热裂解生产制备乙烯是现今石化企业普遍采用的工艺技术,工艺过程中职业病危害因素主要有液化石油气、硫化氢、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、噪声等。通过对装置进行现场职业卫生学调查,依据采样规范并结合现场工艺流程和作业人员的实际接触情况,确定采样点、采样方式和采样对象。其中,工作场所噪声的职业危害较为突出,尤以压缩岗位最为突出。对27个采样个体进行长时间采样,4名(15%)采样对象的8h等效声级结果超标,且全部是压缩岗位外操人员。对现场进行噪声监测,压缩干气岗位9个监测点中有5个监测点噪声≥85d B(A),占56%;急冷岗位6个监测点中3个监测点噪声≥85d B(A),占50%。长期在此环境下工作,如不采取有效防护措施,患职业病的可能性较高。需加强日常监督管理,减少作业人员接触职业病危害因素的时间,改善工作环境,缓解作业人员的职业紧张。
Production of ethylene by thermal cracking is a commonly used technology in petrochemical enterprises. The main occupational hazards in the process include liquefied petroleum gas, hydrogen sulfide, benzene, toluene, xylene and noise. Through the on-site occupational hygiene investigation of the device, the sampling points, sampling methods and sampling objects are determined according to the sampling specifications and the on-site technological process and the actual contact of operators. Among them, occupational hazards of workplace noise are more prominent, especially the most prominent compression jobs. Long-time sampling of 27 sampled individuals, 4 (15%) sampled objects 8h equivalent sound level results exceeded, and all of the compressed post personnel. The site noise monitoring, compressed dry gas station nine monitoring points in five monitoring points noise ≥ 85d B (A), accounting for 56%; quench post 6 monitoring points of the three monitoring points noise ≥ 85d B (A) , Accounting for 50%. Long-term work in this environment, if not take effective protective measures, the higher the possibility of occupational diseases. It is necessary to strengthen daily supervision and management, reduce the time for workers to contact the occupational hazards, improve the working environment and ease the occupational stress of workers.