尿路结石是不同代谢性疾病常见的合并症,有多种原发病因(表1)。有计划地进行尿路结石的实验室检查可以确定尿路结石的原发性代谢疾病。尿路结石的实验室检查主要有尿、血和特殊检查三方面,本文从临床出发介绍如何选择和使用这些检查。一、尿液检查;代谢性疾病产生尿路结石尿的生化变化见表2。1.尿的pH测定:尿的pH测定应在取得标本后立即进行,因很多因素可以改变尿pH的结果。尿的酸度在晚上和清晨较高,经过一晚的禁食,15％晨尿pH<5.0。50％尿路结石病人,禁食后pH>5.0,10％尿 Urinary tract stones are common complication of different metabolic diseases, there are a variety of primary causes (Table 1). A planned laboratory examination of urolithiasis identifies the primary metabolic disease of urolithiasis. Urinary tract stones laboratory tests mainly urine, blood and special inspection of three aspects, this article from the clinical presentation on how to choose and use these tests. First, the urine test; metabolic diseases Urinary tract stones urinary biochemical changes in Table 2.1 Determination of urinary pH: Urine pH measurement should be obtained immediately after the specimen, because many factors can change the urine pH results. Urine acidity was higher in the evening and early morning, after one night of fasting, 15% of morning urine pH <5.0.50% of patients with urolithiasis, fasting pH> 5.0, 10% of urine