急性会厌炎是会厌上部组织受到以流感杆菌为主的细菌感染所致。此病小儿多见,发病急、喉痛、高热伴呼吸性喘鸣和菌血症。若不治疗可由于喉上部组织的水肿发生严重的呼吸道梗阻而死亡。迫切问题是解除上呼吸道梗阻,以往常放行气管切开术抢救。但气管切开术有一些严重的并发症,术后又在颈部留下疤痕,故作者们提出用气管内插管以维持气道通畅。方法如下:采用无套囊的、较患者正常所需小两号的塑料或硅胶插管,在全麻下经鼻腔插入气管,6～12小时后在直接喉镜观察下拔管,若病情需要可重新插管再放置12小时,拔管后继续治疗观察2～3天出院,2～3个月后复查喉部情况。作者们在近12年中对147例住院治疗的急性 Acute epiglottitis is the epigynous upper part of the organization by the influenza bacilli-based bacterial infections caused. More common in children with this disease, the incidence of acute, sore throat, fever with respiratory wheezing and bacteremia. If untreated, severe respiratory obstruction may result from edema of the supracervular tissue. An urgent problem is to lift the upper respiratory tract obstruction, tracheal release often rescue. Tracheostomy, however, has some serious complications and scarring on the neck postoperatively. Therefore, authors propose the use of an endotracheal tube to maintain airway patency. Methods are as follows: The use of non-cuffed, smaller than the normal number of patients required two plastic or silicone intubation, anesthesia through the nasal cavity into the trachea, 6 to 12 hours after the direct laryngoscope observation of extubation, if the condition requires Can be re-intubated and then placed 12 hours, continue treatment after extubation observed 2 to 3 days discharged, 2 to 3 months after the review of the throat. The authors treated 147 patients hospitalized for acute in the last 12 years